Forecast
Forward projections from the prediction engine — baseline plus an optimistic/pessimistic band and a confidence interval, per macro indicator. These are PROJECTIONS, not observations: generated from observed history, never a guarantee. A country we hold no projections for is shown honestly.
Forecast
Need it as JSON? GET /api/v1/forecast/country/{iso3}.
Croatia: forward projections across 17 macro indicators, horizons 2026, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2031, 2035, 2036. These are projections, not observations — each carries an optimistic/pessimistic band and a confidence interval, anchored against the latest observed value where one is held.
Nowcast
Each indicator nowcast from its strongest leading series — inferable from observations already in hand.
For each indicator, Croatia's strongest leading series is fit by ordinary least squares over their shared observed history, then the leader's already-observed recent values project the target — so the next year or two is inferable from data already in hand. These are nowcasts from a leading correlation: correlation, not causation, and not a guaranteed forecast.
Led by Current account / GDP by 1 year (it moves withthe target; r = 0.922 over 33 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by Current account / GDP in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | -1.44 | 2025 (-3.5) |
Latest observed-4.4(2026)· IMF DataMapper API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | -4.11 | 1.39 | -9.6 | -5.29 – -2.92 |
| 2028 | -5.32 | 4.2 | -14.84 | -7.52 – -3.12 |
| 2030 | -6.53 | 5.76 | -18.82 | -9.56 – -3.5 |
| 2035 | -9.56 | 7.82 | -26.94 | -14.64 – -4.48 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead-4.9· skill-weighted across models
Track record±0.29typical miss · 1 realized · 7% MAPE
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed47.97(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 48.38 | 62.4 | 36.22 | 45.6 – 51.15 |
| 2028 | 49.18 | 73.48 | 28.12 | 43.35 – 55.01 |
| 2030 | 49.99 | 81.36 | 22.8 | 41.51 – 58.47 |
| 2035 | 52 | 96.36 | 13.56 | 37.35 – 66.66 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead48.39· skill-weighted across models
Track record±2.9typical miss · 1 realized · 6% MAPE
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed105.1bn(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 112.4bn | 125.7bn | 101bn | 108.9bn – 115.9bn |
| 2028 | 130.7bn | 153.6bn | 110.8bn | 121bn – 140.4bn |
| 2030 | 149bn | 178.6bn | 123.3bn | 132.1bn – 165.9bn |
| 2035 | 194.7bn | 236.6bn | 158.4bn | 154.3bn – 235.1bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead122bn· skill-weighted across models
Track record±3.5bntypical miss · 1 realized · 3% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.4(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3.62 | 12 | -10 | 0.24 – 7.01 |
| 2028 | 4.02 | 12 | -10 | -1.94 – 9.98 |
| 2030 | 4.42 | 12 | -10 | -3.38 – 12 |
| 2035 | 5.42 | 12 | -10 | -5.97 – 12 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead1.01· skill-weighted across models
Track record±1.42typical miss · 1 realized · 65% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed27.1k(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 29k | 32.3k | 26.1k | 28.1k – 29.9k |
| 2028 | 33.7k | 39.4k | 28.7k | 31.2k – 36.1k |
| 2030 | 38.3k | 45.7k | 32k | 34k – 42.7k |
| 2035 | 50.1k | 60.5k | 41.1k | 39.7k – 60.5k |
Blended 1-yr-ahead31.8k· skill-weighted across models
Track record±895.05typical miss · 1 realized · 3% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.59(2026)· ECB Data Portal API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 3.19 | 5.48 | 0.75 | 2.58 – 3.81 |
| 2029 | 2.72 | 6.68 | 0 | 1.62 – 3.83 |
| 2031 | 2.49 | 7.6 | 0 | 1.03 – 3.95 |
| 2036 | 2.31 | 9.53 | 0 | 0.16 – 4.45 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead3.59· skill-weighted across models
Method: mean_reversion; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed56.3(2026)· IMF DataMapper API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 53.79 | 66.57 | 39.05 | 50.97 – 56.62 |
| 2028 | 48.78 | 70.91 | 23.24 | 43.03 – 54.53 |
| 2030 | 43.77 | 72.34 | 10.8 | 35.87 – 51.66 |
| 2035 | 31.23 | 71.64 | 0 | 20.02 – 42.45 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead54.84· skill-weighted across models
Track record±2.51typical miss · 1 realized · 4% MAPE
Method: linear_trend; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed53.01(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 53.89 | 67.37 | 40.4 | 50.96 – 56.81 |
| 2028 | 55.63 | 78.99 | 32.27 | 49.39 – 61.88 |
| 2030 | 57.38 | 87.53 | 27.22 | 48.17 – 66.58 |
| 2035 | 61.74 | 104.39 | 19.09 | 45.33 – 78.15 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead53.09· skill-weighted across models
Track record±3.16typical miss · 1 realized · 6% MAPE
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.69(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 4.43 | 13.7 | -5 | 2.31 – 6.56 |
| 2028 | 5.44 | 21.49 | -5 | 1.62 – 9.26 |
| 2030 | 6.45 | 27.17 | -5 | 1.34 – 11.55 |
| 2035 | 8.96 | 38.27 | -5 | 1.03 – 16.89 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.46· skill-weighted across models
Track record±0.07typical miss · 1 realized · 2% MAPE
Method: exponential_smoothing; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed4.3(2026)· ECB Data Portal API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 4.15 | 12.24 | -4.52 | 2.29 – 6.01 |
| 2029 | 4 | 18.02 | -5 | 0.7 – 7.3 |
| 2031 | 3.95 | 22.05 | -5 | -0.38 – 8.28 |
| 2036 | 3.92 | 29.52 | -5 | -2.38 – 10.22 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.61· skill-weighted across models
Method: mean_reversion; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed25.73(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 26.58 | 29.29 | 24.23 | 25.76 – 27.4 |
| 2028 | 28.66 | 33.36 | 24.59 | 26.54 – 30.79 |
| 2030 | 30.75 | 36.82 | 25.49 | 27.26 – 34.24 |
| 2035 | 35.96 | 44.54 | 28.53 | 28.5 – 43.42 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead26.25· skill-weighted across models
Track record±0.46typical miss · 1 realized · 2% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.9m(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3.9m | 4.1m | 3.7m | 3.8m – 4m |
| 2028 | 3.9m | 4.1m | 3.7m | 3.6m – 4.2m |
| 2030 | 3.9m | 4.1m | 3.7m | 3.5m – 4.3m |
| 2035 | 3.9m | 4.1m | 3.8m | 3.1m – 4.7m |
Blended 1-yr-ahead3.9m· skill-weighted across models
Track record±4.3ktypical miss · 1 realized · 0% MAPE
Method: exponential_smoothing; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.3(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 2.95 | 15 | -10 | 0.46 – 5.44 |
| 2028 | 2.3 | 15 | -10 | -2.04 – 6.64 |
| 2030 | 1.65 | 15 | -10 | -3.95 – 7.24 |
| 2035 | 0.02 | 15 | -10 | -7.87 – 7.9 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead3.59· skill-weighted across models
Track record±2.73typical miss · 1 realized · 83% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 7y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed4.2bn(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0 | 19.6bn | 0 | 0 – 3bn |
| 2028 | 0 | 33.9bn | 0 | 0 – 5.2bn |
| 2030 | 0 | 43.8bn | 0 | 0 – 6.7bn |
| 2035 | 0 | 61.9bn | 0 | 0 – 9.5bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead1.2bn· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed0.79(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 2.19 | 6.54 | 0 | 1.49 – 2.89 |
| 2028 | 3.86 | 11.39 | 0 | 2.52 – 5.2 |
| 2030 | 4.68 | 14.4 | 0 | 2.82 – 6.54 |
| 2035 | 5.33 | 19.07 | 0 | 2.38 – 8.29 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead0.25· skill-weighted across models
Track record±1.53typical miss · 1 realized · 195% MAPE
Method: mean_reversion; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed4.2bn(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0 | 19.7bn | 0 | 0 – 3bn |
| 2028 | 0 | 34.1bn | 0 | 0 – 5.2bn |
| 2030 | 0 | 44bn | 0 | 0 – 6.7bn |
| 2035 | 0 | 62.2bn | 0 | 0 – 9.5bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead1.2bn· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed5(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 4.43 | 5.33 | 3.53 | 4.22 – 4.64 |
| 2028 | 3.28 | 4.84 | 1.72 | 2.89 – 3.68 |
| 2030 | 2.13 | 4.15 | 0.12 | 1.66 – 2.61 |
| 2035 | 0 | 2.85 | 0 | 0 – 0.6 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.2· skill-weighted across models
Track record±0.07typical miss · 1 realized · 2% MAPE
Method: linear_trend; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Reliability badges show each indicator's best model skill— how much it beats a naive last-value forecast, measured out-of-sample on that series' own observed history (backtested one-step-ahead). A track record, not a guarantee of future accuracy.
Generated by the prediction engine (model prediction-engine-v1) on 2026-10-31 from observed history. Projections, not observations — never a guarantee of future values.
Machine-readable: GET /api/v1/forecast/country/HRV · Country page → · Full brief → · API docs
Fit: CPI inflation ≈ 74.2781 + 21.6324·Current account / GDP. Correlation, not causation.
Led by GDP (current US$) by 3 years (it moves withthe target; r = 0.803 over 28 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by GDP (current US$) in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 91.15 | 2023 (85.6bn) |
| 2027 | 97.85 | 2024 (93bn) |
| 2028 | 108.85 | 2025 (105.1bn) |
Fit: Govt debt / GDP ≈ 13.1694 + 0·GDP (current US$). Correlation, not causation.
Led by Govt debt / GDP by 1 year (it moves withthe target; r = 0.794 over 27 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by Govt debt / GDP in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | -2.94 | 2025 (56.3) |
Fit: Current account / GDP ≈ -11.7599 + 0.1567·Govt debt / GDP. Correlation, not causation.
Led by Govt debt / GDP by 3 years (it moves withthe target; r = 0.593 over 25 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by Govt debt / GDP in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 61.4bn | 2023 (60.9) |
| 2027 | 59.5bn | 2024 (57.4) |
| 2028 | 59bn | 2025 (56.3) |
Fit: GDP (current US$) ≈ 29230448261.4771 + 528184086.4237·Govt debt / GDP. Correlation, not causation.
Led by Govt debt / GDP by 3 years (it moves inversely tothe target; r = -0.508 over 25 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by Govt debt / GDP in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 10.7 | 2023 (60.9) |
| 2027 | 11.04 | 2024 (57.4) |
| 2028 | 11.15 | 2025 (56.3) |
Fit: Unemployment ≈ 16.6738 + -0.0981·Govt debt / GDP. Correlation, not causation.
Machine-readable: GET /api/v1/nowcast/country/HRV?indicator= · API docs
