Indicators

OECD Composite Leading Indicators — consumer confidence survey index (amplitude-adjusted, long-run mean = 100).

OECD Composite Leading Indicators — business confidence survey index (amplitude-adjusted, long-run mean = 100).

General government gross debt as a share of GDP.

Energy use per person, in kilograms of oil equivalent (World Bank WDI).

Renewable energy as a share of total final energy consumption (World Bank WDI).

Net energy imports as a share of energy use; negative values indicate a net energy exporter (World Bank WDI).

Electric power consumption per person, in kilowatt-hours (World Bank WDI).

Annual percentage change in consumer prices.

Consumer price inflation, all items, year-on-year rate for the latest month (HICP for European countries, CPI-U for the United States).

Share of the labour force that is unemployed.

Euro to US dollar exchange rate (ECB reference rate, daily).

Pound sterling to US dollar exchange rate (ECB reference rate, daily).

US dollar to Japanese yen exchange rate (ECB reference rate, daily).

Central bank policy or reference interest rate.

Benchmark 10-year government bond yield (euro-area convergence long-term rates; 10-year US treasury constant maturity).

Nominal gross domestic product measured in current US dollars.

Annual percentage growth rate of real gross domestic product.

Nominal gross domestic product divided by population.

Estimated labour productivity growth.

Investment measured by gross fixed capital formation as a share of GDP.

Total resident population estimate.

Current account balance expressed as a share of GDP.

Exports of goods and services as a share of GDP.

Imports of goods and services as a share of GDP.

Total foreign-exchange reserves including gold, in current US dollars. A buffer of external liquidity a country holds against balance-of-payments and currency shocks.

Total reserves expressed as the number of months of imports they could finance — a standard measure of reserve adequacy (3 months is a common minimum benchmark).

Foreign-exchange reserves excluding gold holdings, in current US dollars.