Forecast
Forward projections from the prediction engine — baseline plus an optimistic/pessimistic band and a confidence interval, per macro indicator. These are PROJECTIONS, not observations: generated from observed history, never a guarantee. A country we hold no projections for is shown honestly.
Forecast
Need it as JSON? GET /api/v1/forecast/country/{iso3}.
Zambia: forward projections across 15 macro indicators, horizons 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2031, 2034, 2035, 2036. These are projections, not observations — each carries an optimistic/pessimistic band and a confidence interval, anchored against the latest observed value where one is held.
Nowcast
Each indicator nowcast from its strongest leading series — inferable from observations already in hand.
For each indicator, Zambia's strongest leading series is fit by ordinary least squares over their shared observed history, then the leader's already-observed recent values project the target — so the next year or two is inferable from data already in hand. These are nowcasts from a leading correlation: correlation, not causation, and not a guaranteed forecast.
Led by GDP (current US$) by 1 year (it moves inversely tothe target; r = -0.891 over 35 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by GDP (current US$) in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 4.44 | 2025 (28.9bn) |
Latest observed0.9(2026)· IMF DataMapper API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | -0.64 | 11.35 | -12.63 | -3.1 – 1.82 |
| 2029 | -3.72 | 17.05 | -24.48 | -8.13 – 0.7 |
| 2031 | -6.8 | 20.01 | -30 | -12.81 – -0.78 |
| 2036 | -14.49 | 23.42 | -30 | -24.55 – -4.44 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead0.35· skill-weighted across models
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed34.98(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 35.42 | 50.8 | 22.09 | 32.65 – 38.18 |
| 2027 | 36.29 | 62.92 | 13.2 | 30.74 – 41.83 |
| 2029 | 37.16 | 71.54 | 7.35 | 29.27 – 45.04 |
| 2034 | 39.33 | 87.96 | 0 | 26.09 – 52.57 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead34.62· skill-weighted across models
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed28.9bn(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 44bn | 55.7bn | 33.8bn | 41.8bn – 46.1bn |
| 2029 | 51.1bn | 71.5bn | 33.4bn | 46.2bn – 56bn |
| 2031 | 58.2bn | 84.5bn | 35.4bn | 50.4bn – 66bn |
| 2036 | 76bn | 113.3bn | 43.8bn | 59.5bn – 92.6bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead43.4bn· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.76(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 4.31 | 5.94 | 2.89 | 3.97 – 4.65 |
| 2029 | 4.27 | 7.09 | 1.82 | 3.59 – 4.94 |
| 2031 | 4.23 | 7.87 | 1.06 | 3.28 – 5.17 |
| 2036 | 4.12 | 9.28 | -0.35 | 2.6 – 5.64 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.14· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed1.3k(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 1.9k | 2.5k | 1.4k | 1.8k – 2k |
| 2029 | 2.2k | 3.1k | 1.3k | 2k – 2.4k |
| 2031 | 2.4k | 3.7k | 1.3k | 2.1k – 2.8k |
| 2036 | 3k | 4.8k | 1.5k | 2.3k – 3.7k |
Blended 1-yr-ahead1.9k· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed86(2025)· IMF DataMapper API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 91.05 | 135.67 | 39.56 | 82.72 – 99.37 |
| 2028 | 101.14 | 178.43 | 11.95 | 84.39 – 117.88 |
| 2030 | 111.23 | 211.01 | 0 | 86.98 – 135.48 |
| 2035 | 136.45 | 277.57 | 0 | 92.91 – 180 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead88.38· skill-weighted across models
Method: linear_trend; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed27.55(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 26.66 | 36.9 | 16.43 | 24.67 – 28.66 |
| 2027 | 24.89 | 42.61 | 7.17 | 20.98 – 28.8 |
| 2029 | 23.11 | 45.99 | 0.23 | 17.76 – 28.46 |
| 2034 | 18.67 | 51.03 | 0 | 10.73 – 26.61 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead26.4· skill-weighted across models
Method: linear_trend; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed13.91(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 7.05 | 17.39 | -4.03 | 4.64 – 9.46 |
| 2029 | 0.18 | 18.09 | -5 | -3.84 – 4.2 |
| 2031 | -5 | 18.13 | -5 | -5 – 0.53 |
| 2036 | -5 | 27.71 | -5 | -5 – 3.05 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead7.18· skill-weighted across models
Method: exponential_smoothing; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed21.6(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 20.06 | 25.44 | 15.4 | 18.97 – 21.15 |
| 2027 | 15.82 | 25.14 | 7.74 | 13.73 – 17.91 |
| 2029 | 11.58 | 23.61 | 1.15 | 8.93 – 14.22 |
| 2034 | 0.97 | 17.99 | 0 | 0 – 3.56 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead19.98· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed21.9m(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2027 | 22.4m | 23.4m | 21.4m | 21.7m – 23.1m |
| 2029 | 23m | 24.1m | 22m | 21.3m – 24.7m |
| 2031 | 23.7m | 24.8m | 22.7m | 21m – 26.4m |
| 2036 | 25.4m | 26.6m | 24.3m | 20.1m – 30.6m |
Blended 1-yr-ahead23m· skill-weighted across models
Method: exponential_smoothing; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed0.06(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | -0.07 | 12.02 | -9.13 | -1.59 – 1.46 |
| 2028 | -0.18 | 15 | -10 | -2.84 – 2.49 |
| 2030 | -0.29 | 15 | -10 | -3.74 – 3.17 |
| 2035 | -0.56 | 15 | -10 | -5.5 – 4.37 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead0.35· skill-weighted across models
Track record±0.51typical miss · 1 realized · 832% MAPE
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 7y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed4.1bn(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 4.4bn | 5.7bn | 3.1bn | 4.1bn – 4.6bn |
| 2027 | 5.2bn | 7.4bn | 2.9bn | 4.6bn – 5.7bn |
| 2029 | 5.9bn | 8.8bn | 3bn | 5bn – 6.8bn |
| 2034 | 7.9bn | 12bn | 3.7bn | 6bn – 9.7bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.4bn· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed3.29(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 3.16 | 4.4 | 1.92 | 2.92 – 3.4 |
| 2027 | 3 | 5.16 | 0.85 | 2.53 – 3.48 |
| 2029 | 2.92 | 5.71 | 0.14 | 2.26 – 3.58 |
| 2034 | 2.86 | 6.8 | 0 | 1.8 – 3.92 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead3.35· skill-weighted across models
Method: mean_reversion; lookback 10y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed4.1bn(2024)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 4.4bn | 5.7bn | 3.1bn | 4.1bn – 4.6bn |
| 2027 | 5.2bn | 7.4bn | 2.9bn | 4.6bn – 5.7bn |
| 2029 | 5.9bn | 8.8bn | 3bn | 5bn – 6.8bn |
| 2034 | 7.9bn | 12bn | 3.7bn | 6bn – 9.7bn |
Blended 1-yr-ahead4.4bn· skill-weighted across models
Method: weighted_composite; lookback 8y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Latest observed5.92(2025)· World Bank Indicators API
| Year | Baseline | Optimistic | Pessimistic | Conf. band |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 5.96 | 6.98 | 4.94 | 5.71 – 6.21 |
| 2028 | 6.04 | 7.8 | 4.28 | 5.48 – 6.6 |
| 2030 | 6.12 | 8.39 | 3.84 | 5.28 – 6.96 |
| 2035 | 6.32 | 9.54 | 3.1 | 4.81 – 7.82 |
Blended 1-yr-ahead5.93· skill-weighted across models
Method: linear_trend; lookback 6y; horizon 1y; confidence 80%
Reliability badges show each indicator's best model skill— how much it beats a naive last-value forecast, measured out-of-sample on that series' own observed history (backtested one-step-ahead). A track record, not a guarantee of future accuracy.
Generated by the prediction engine (model prediction-engine-v1) on 2026-08-02 from observed history. Projections, not observations — never a guarantee of future values.
Machine-readable: GET /api/v1/forecast/country/ZMB · Country page → · Full brief → · API docs
| 2027 | -0.95 | 2026 (41.2bn) |
Fit: Unemployment ≈ 17.038 + 0·GDP (current US$). Correlation, not causation.
Led by CPI inflation by 1 year (it moves withthe target; r = 0.679 over 26 obs).
| Year | Nowcast | Implied by CPI inflation in |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 88.14 | 2025 (13.91) |
| 2027 | 54.16 | 2026 (9) |
Fit: Govt debt / GDP ≈ -8.1425 + 6.9221·CPI inflation. Correlation, not causation.
Machine-readable: GET /api/v1/nowcast/country/ZMB?indicator= · API docs
